Érzékenységvizsgálat

Érzékenységvizsgálat, which translates to sensitivity analysis in English, is a method used in various scientific and engineering fields to determine how the uncertainty or variability in the output of a mathematical model or system can be attributed to different sources of uncertainty in its inputs. The core idea is to understand which input parameters have the most significant influence on the model's results.

The process typically involves systematically varying the input parameters within their expected ranges and observing the corresponding changes in the model's output. This can be done using various techniques, ranging from simple one-at-a-time (OAT) variations to more complex global sensitivity analysis methods that consider the interactions between multiple input parameters simultaneously. Common global methods include variance-based methods like the Sobol indices and regression-based approaches.

The results of an érzékenységvizsgálat are often presented as rankings of input variables based on their influence. This information is crucial for several reasons. It helps in identifying the most critical factors affecting a system, allowing researchers and engineers to focus their efforts on refining measurements or understanding those parameters better. It can also guide model simplification by highlighting parameters that have negligible impact and can potentially be fixed or removed. Furthermore, it aids in risk assessment and decision-making by quantifying the uncertainty associated with different scenarios.