Állónyomaték

Állónyomaték, often translated as static torque or holding torque, refers to the maximum torque a motor can withstand without rotating. This is a critical parameter for motors, particularly those used in applications where they need to hold a position against an external force.

In direct current (DC) motors and stepper motors, állónyomaték is a readily defined characteristic. For DC motors, it's the torque produced when the rotor is prevented from turning. For stepper motors, it's the torque the motor can maintain in a given step position when energized but not moving. This holding torque is essential for applications like robotics, automation, and servo systems where precise positioning and stability are paramount.

For alternating current (AC) motors, the concept of állónyomaték is less straightforward. Synchronous motors have a defined holding torque, but induction motors do not possess a true static holding torque in the same sense. Instead, they have a "stalling torque" which is the maximum torque they can produce when the rotor speed is zero. Beyond this point, the motor will stall and draw excessive current.

Understanding állónyomaték is crucial for selecting the correct motor for a specific application. It ensures that the motor can maintain its intended position and resist external forces without damage or failure. Factors such as motor design, winding configuration, and operating voltage influence the állónyomaték of a given motor.