Áhætta

Áhætta is the Icelandic term for risk or hazard, referring to the possibility that an action, process, or environment will cause harm, loss, or undesirable outcomes. It encompasses both the likelihood of an adverse event and the severity of its consequences.

In risk management and safety sciences, áhætta is analyzed by estimating probability and impact and then prioritizing responses. Common approaches include risk matrices, probabilistic models, and qualitative assessments. Mitigation measures aim to reduce either the probability of the event or the severity of its consequences, using strategies such as elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment.

In Icelandic policy and public discourse, áhætta is used in contexts such as occupational safety, public health, environmental protection, and disaster preparedness. Authorities assess natural hazards—from volcanic activity and earthquakes to severe weather—and consider socioeconomic factors that influence resilience. Risk communication emphasizes clear articulation of uncertainties and the rationale for chosen interventions.

See also: risk, hazard, safety management.