zwanego

Zwanego is the genitive singular masculine form of the Polish past passive participle zwany, meaning “called” or “named.” It is used in noun phrases and relative constructions to indicate that a noun is identified by a certain name or designation. The form belongs to the broader class of participles that function like adjectives, agreeing with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case.

In modern Polish, zwany is frequently used in appositive or attributive contexts to specify who or what is being referred to by a name. Its genitive singular zwanego appears when the associated noun is in the genitive case, often within larger noun phrases such as those governed by another noun or determiner. For example, in the phrase czlowiek zwany Janem, the masculine noun czlowiek is the head, zwany is the participle, and Janem is the instrumental form of the given name Jan, indicating “the man called Jan.” Another example is imię zwanego bohatera, meaning “the name of the hero called [someone],” where zwanego modifies bohatera in the genitive.

Zwanego contrasts with related forms such as zwany (masculine nominative) and nazywany (another verb-based participle meaning “named” or “referred to as”). The use of zwany tends to emphasize the appellation by which someone or something is known, rather than a different act of naming implied by nazywany.

See also: zwany, zwany Janem, nazywany, Polish grammar, participles.