zendtoren

Zendtoren is the Dutch term for a transmitter tower, a tall structure that supports antennas used for broadcasting radio and television and, in modern networks, telecommunications. The term can refer to any substantial mast or tower employed by broadcasters or telecom operators to radiate signals over a geographic area, from city centers to rural regions.

Most zendtoren are designed as lattice steel masts or reinforced concrete pylons. They may be guyed or self-supporting. Attached antennas include FM and TV broadcast arrays, microwave links, and, in recent installations, cellular and broadband antennas. Ancillary equipment rooms, power supplies, and battery backup or generators are typically housed at base level or in attached shelters.

The concept arose with the expansion of radio broadcasting in the early 20th century and grew with television in the mid-20th century. Advances in microwave relay, satellite communication, and mobile networks led to increased tower construction and the development of taller, more capable structures. In some contexts, zendtoren are specialized for single services, while others host multiple generations of technology.

Zendtoren are essential infrastructure for broadcasting, emergency communications, and mobile connectivity. They are owned and operated by public broadcasters or private telecommunications companies and subject to zoning, aviation, and safety regulations. Public access to operational towers is typically restricted, though some historic or museum towers offer tours or exhibitions.