ympäröidessään

ympäröidessään is a Finnish word that functions as a temporal adverbial clause, essentially meaning "while surrounding" or "when surrounding." It is formed from the verb "ympäröidä," which means "to surround" or "to encircle." The "-essään" suffix indicates a possessive form of the present participle, implying that the action of surrounding is happening concurrently with another action, often performed by the subject of the main clause.

For example, in the sentence "Hän käveli huoneen ympäröidessään sitä valolla," the word "ympäröidessään" translates to "while surrounding it with light." The subject "Hän" (he/she) is performing the action of walking, and concurrently, the action of surrounding the room with light is also happening. The "-ään" ending signifies that the subject performing the surrounding is the same as the subject performing the main verb.

This grammatical construction is commonly used in Finnish to express simultaneous actions, providing a more fluid and concise way to link events. It emphasizes that the act of surrounding is an ongoing part of the main action. The precise nuance can sometimes be translated using phrases like "as it surrounded," "in the process of surrounding," or "while being surrounded," depending on the specific context and the direction of the surrounding action.