xerózis

Xerosis is a medical condition characterized by dryness and irritation of the skin, mucous membranes, and eyes. It is often caused by a deficiency in the body's natural oils, which are essential for maintaining skin and mucous membrane hydration. Xerosis can result from various factors, including environmental conditions, medical treatments, and certain medical conditions.

Environmental factors that contribute to xerosis include dry climates, low humidity, and exposure to harsh winds. Prolonged use of heating systems in indoor environments can also lead to dry air, exacerbating xerosis symptoms. Medical treatments that may cause xerosis include the use of certain medications, such as diuretics and antacids, which can increase urine output and lead to dehydration. Additionally, medical conditions like diabetes, thyroid disorders, and autoimmune diseases can contribute to xerosis by affecting the body's ability to produce or retain moisture.

The symptoms of xerosis typically include dry, cracked, and flaky skin, particularly on the hands, feet, and elbows. The lips, mouth, and throat may also become dry and irritated. In severe cases, xerosis can lead to the formation of fissures and ulcers on the skin. Eye symptoms may include dryness, redness, and irritation, which can be accompanied by a gritty sensation and increased sensitivity to light.

Treatment for xerosis focuses on restoring moisture to the affected areas. Topical moisturizers, such as creams, ointments, and lotions, are commonly used to hydrate the skin and mucous membranes. Humidifiers can help increase humidity in indoor environments, reducing dryness. In some cases, oral hydration supplements or medications may be prescribed to address underlying dehydration or medical conditions. In severe cases, medical intervention may be necessary to prevent complications such as skin infections or ulcers.