wydaje

Wydaje is a Polish verb form belonging to wydawać (imperfective) and its perfective counterpart wydać. In everyday use it most often appears as the third-person singular present indicative of wydawać, meaning that it can refer to issuing or publishing something, or to spending money, depending on the context. For example: “On wydaje nową książkę” can mean “He publishes/releases a new book,” while “Ona wydaje dużo pieniędzy na wakacje” means “She spends a lot of money on holidays.” The form also occurs in the common expression “wydaje się,” meaning “it seems” or “appears to be,” with the reflexive particle się.

Grammatical and semantic notes: wydaje is the present tense form of the imperfective wydawać, which emphasizes process, repetition, or general habit (as in ongoing publishing or spending). When the speaker intends a single, completed act, Polish typically uses the perfective wydać. The exact nuance depends on context and accompanying words.

Etymology and related terms: wydaje originates from prefix wy- (out) combined with dać (to give), capturing senses of giving out, issuing, or distributing. Related nouns include wydawca (publisher), wydawnictwo (publishing house), and wydanie (edition or issue).

See also: Polish verb aspect, wydawanie (the act of issuing), and common publishing vocabulary.