wycofany

Wycofany is an adjective in Polish formed from the verb wycofać, meaning to withdraw or retract. It describes something that has been withdrawn, canceled, or pulled back from circulation or consideration. The term can apply to a person who has withdrawn from an activity, a decision that has been reversed, a document that has been withdrawn, or a product that has been recalled.

Etymology and usage: The word originates from wycofać (to withdraw) with the prefix wy- added to cofać (to back, to reverse). As a participle, wycofany is used attributively or predicatively to indicate that an item or action is no longer in effect or available. The noun form related to the concept is wycofanie, meaning withdrawal or revocation.

Contexts: In medicine, wycofany lek refers to a drug that has been withdrawn from the market due to safety concerns. In publishing or media, a statement or article can be described as wycofany when it has been removed or retracted. In legal or administrative settings, wniosek wycofany denotes a withdrawn application or petition; kandydatura wycofana indicates a withdrawn candidacy, though common usage often reports wycofano kandydaturę. In commerce, towary wycofane or wycofanie produktu indicates goods recalled or pulled from sale.

Grammatical notes: Wycofany is a past passive participle and agrees with the noun it modifies. The related noun wycofanie denotes the act of withdrawal or revocation.