wrotny

Wrotny is a Polish adjective used to describe someone or something as hostile, unfriendly, or troublesome. It conveys a sense of malice or scheming, and can describe a person with a contentious disposition as well as plans, behavior, or situations that hinder others. In everyday language the term is stronger than simply "not friendly" and carries a nuance of opposition or antagonism.

Etymology: The word is formed from the root wróg (enemy) with the suffix -tny, producing an adjective that denotes something characterized by hostility or antagonism toward others.

Usage: Wrotny is more common in literary, rhetorical, or regional speech than in casual conversation. It can appear in both humorous and serious contexts. Examples: "wrotny człowiek" (a spiteful person) or "wrotny plan" (a troublesome plan).

Related terms and nuances: Related concepts include przyjazny (friendly) and wrogi (hostile). In contrast to neutral or milder descriptors, wrotny emphasizes active opposition or malice and is typically used to convey a clear negative evaluation.