winzes

A winze is a term used in mining to describe a vertical or near-vertical passage that is sunk from an existing underground level downward to access lower levels, ore bodies, or additional workings. Unlike a shaft, which extends from the surface to underground, a winze remains entirely below ground and serves to connect different levels within the mine.

Winzes are typically smaller than surface shafts and are constructed from a current level by drilling and blasting or by mechanical raising. They may be vertical or slightly inclined and are often lined with timber, steel, or concrete to provide stability. Their common purposes include extending access to deeper ore zones, enabling additional ventilation paths, and serving as a conduit for ore and waste transport when a surface shaft is not practical.

Operational considerations for winzes include water control and drainage, rock stabilization, and safety for workers entering and working in the shaft. Regular ventilation planning and monitoring are essential to manage gas, dust, and temperature, while hoisting arrangements must be appropriate for the smaller cross-section of a winze and the volume of material moved.

In some projects, a winze may be expanded or developed further to become a full shaft that reaches the surface, but many winzes remain internal connections between levels for exploration, access, and servicing of underground operations. See also: shaft, raise, level.