whippings
Whipping is a form of corporal punishment or torture that involves striking a person with a whip, lash, or similar implement. Historically, it has been used for a variety of purposes including punishment for crimes, discipline, and control. The severity of a whipping can vary greatly depending on the implement used, the number of strokes, and the force applied.
In some legal systems, whipping was a common judicial punishment for a wide range of offenses, from
Beyond judicial punishment, whipping has also been employed as a method of torture by state and non-state