vérlemezkéklemezek

Vérlemezkéklemezek is a term used in Hungarian hematology and transfusion medicine to describe small, membrane-bound fragments released from activated platelets. In English-language literature these are typically referred to as platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) or platelet membrane vesicles. Vérlemezkéklemezek are extracellular vesicles with diameters roughly 0.1–1 micrometer, arising from the plasma membrane of platelets during activation or apoptosis. They often retain platelet surface markers such as CD41 (integrin αIIb) and CD61 (GPIIIa), and may carry cytosolic components, signaling molecules, microRNAs, and tissue-factor in certain contexts.

Functions: They contribute to hemostasis and thrombosis by promoting thrombin generation and providing a procoagulant surface; they participate in intercellular communication by transferring cargo to endothelial cells, leukocytes, and other platelets, influencing inflammation and vascular function. Their biological effects depend on origin, activation state, and cargo.

Detection and isolation: Common methods include differential centrifugation or ultracentrifugation to enrich vesicles, flow cytometry for surface markers, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and electron microscopy for morphology. Standardization of pre-analytical variables remains a major challenge in comparing studies.

Clinical relevance: Vérlemezkéklemezek are investigated as potential biomarkers for cardiovascular disease, thrombotic risk, and inflammatory states, as well as mediators in transfusion science. However, heterogeneity in definitions and measurement limits their clinical adoption, and guidelines emphasize cautious interpretation.

See also: Platelet-derived microparticles; extracellular vesicles; thrombosis; inflammation.