värmde

Värmde is the simple past tense form of the Swedish verb värma, meaning to make something warm or to heat. It describes an action that caused warmth, typically applied to objects, food, liquids, or spaces. Examples include Jag värmde maten (I warmed the food) and Solen värmde luften (The sun warmed the air).

Grammatically, värma is a weak verb. Its present tense is värmer, its past tense is värmde, and its past participle is värmt. In compound tenses, such as present perfect, the form har värmt is used (for example, Jag har värmt maten). The base form värma and the past tense form värmde are standard across Swedish writing and speech.

Usage notes, nuances, and scope: Värmde is most common in cooking and heating contexts but can also be used metaphorically to convey warmth or emotional comfort, as in Det värmde honom (That warmed him). The verb can describe warming up a person or thing, as well as the effect of weather or sunlight on a space. It is generally transitive, taking a direct object, though it can appear with implicit objects when the context makes the target clear.

Etymology and related forms: The root värm- is linked to värme, meaning warmth, and to cognates in other Germanic languages, such as English warm and German wärmen. The past tense ending -de is a common pattern for Swedish weak verbs, producing värmde from värma.

See also: värme (warmth), värmekälla (heat source).