välilevyä

Välilevyä, which translates to "intervertebral disc" in English, refers to the specialized structures located between the vertebrae of the spine. These discs are crucial for the spine's flexibility, shock absorption, and ability to support body weight. Each disc consists of two main parts: an outer fibrous ring called the annulus fibrosus and a jelly-like inner core known as the nucleus pulposus.

The annulus fibrosus is composed of tough, concentric layers of collagen fibers that surround and contain the nucleus pulposus. This outer layer provides structural integrity and helps to resist rotational forces on the spine. The nucleus pulposus is a gel-like substance rich in water, which acts as a hydrostatic cushion. It distributes pressure evenly across the vertebrae and allows for movement between them, such as bending and twisting.

As individuals age, the composition of the välilevyä changes. The water content of the nucleus pulposus tends to decrease, making the discs less resilient and more susceptible to damage. Common conditions affecting välilevyä include disc degeneration, where the discs lose their hydration and height, and herniation, where the nucleus pulposus protrudes through a tear in the annulus fibrosus. These conditions can lead to pain, nerve compression, and other spinal issues. Maintaining good posture, regular exercise, and avoiding excessive strain on the back can help to preserve the health of the välilevyä.