vähähappisuus

Vähähappisuus, often translated as oligohydramnios, refers to a condition where there is too little amniotic fluid surrounding a fetus during pregnancy. Amniotic fluid plays a crucial role in fetal development, providing cushioning, regulating temperature, preventing cord compression, and allowing for proper lung development.

The exact causes of vähähappisuus are not always clear, but potential factors include fetal kidney problems (reducing urine production, a major component of amniotic fluid), placental insufficiency (where the placenta doesn't deliver enough blood and nutrients to the fetus), ruptured membranes, or certain maternal conditions like preeclampsia or dehydration. In some cases, it can be a consequence of post-term pregnancy.

Diagnosis is typically made through ultrasound, which measures the amniotic fluid index (AFI) or the deepest vertical pocket (DVP) of fluid. A significantly low measurement indicates vähähappisuus.

The implications of vähähappisuus depend on the severity and gestational age at diagnosis. Mild cases may not cause significant issues, while severe cases can lead to complications such as fetal growth restriction, limb deformities, umbilical cord compression, and increased risk of cesarean delivery. After birth, infants born with vähähappisuus may have a higher risk of respiratory problems and other health concerns.

Management strategies vary and may include increased maternal hydration, bed rest, and close fetal monitoring. In some situations, amnioinfusion, where sterile saline is introduced into the amniotic sac via catheter, may be performed during labor to alleviate cord compression. If fetal well-being is compromised or the pregnancy is significantly post-term, delivery may be recommended.