vágányhibákat

Vágányhibák, or track defects, refer to any imperfections or damage found in railway tracks that can compromise their safety and operational integrity. These defects can range from minor surface issues to more significant structural problems. Common types of vágányhibák include rail wear, which is the gradual erosion of the rail surface due to friction from passing trains. This wear can lead to changes in the rail profile, affecting wheel-rail contact and potentially causing derailments if severe.

Another significant category is rail cracks, which can develop due to fatigue, stress, or manufacturing flaws. These cracks, if undetected, can propagate and lead to catastrophic rail failure. Surface defects like shelling and spalling, where pieces of the railhead break away, are also common. Fastening defects, such as loose or broken clips and plates, can compromise the stability of the rails and their gauge.

Ballast degradation, including fouled or insufficient ballast, can reduce track stability and drainage, leading to deformations. Sleeper defects, such as cracking or rot in wooden sleepers, or damage to concrete sleepers, also affect track support. Track geometry defects, such as misalignment, unevenness, or incorrect gauge, can cause excessive stress on the track components and increase the risk of derailment. Regular inspection and maintenance are crucial for identifying and rectifying vágányhibák to ensure the safe and efficient operation of railway networks.