virtsahappakiven

Virtsahappakivi, also known as uric acid stones, are a type of kidney stone formed from uric acid crystals. Uric acid is a waste product produced when the body breaks down purines, which are found naturally in the body and in certain foods. High levels of uric acid in the urine can lead to the formation of these stones, especially in individuals with conditions like gout or those undergoing chemotherapy.

The formation of virtsahappakivi is often associated with a consistently acidic urine pH. When urine becomes supersaturated with uric acid and the pH is low, uric acid crystals can precipitate and aggregate into stones. Factors contributing to this include dehydration, a diet high in purines (red meat, organ meats, certain seafood), and certain medical conditions.

Symptoms of virtsahappakivi can vary. Small stones may pass without causing noticeable discomfort. However, larger stones can cause severe pain in the flank or back, which may radiate to the lower abdomen and groin. Other symptoms can include blood in the urine, nausea, vomiting, and frequent urination.

Diagnosis typically involves medical history, physical examination, urine tests, and imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, or ultrasounds. Treatment depends on the size and location of the stone. Small stones may be managed with increased fluid intake and pain medication. Larger stones might require medical procedures like extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) or surgical removal. Prevention strategies focus on increasing fluid intake, modifying diet to reduce purine consumption, and sometimes medications to lower uric acid levels or alkalinize the urine.