vindicatif

Vindicatif is a French adjective describing someone or something disposed to seek revenge or to avenge a perceived wrong. It is used to mark attitudes, motives, or actions that aim to punish or retaliate rather than to reconcile. The term can modify both people and behaviors, such as a vindicatif attitude, a vindicative gesture, or an attitude deemed vindicative.

Etymology and sense: vindicatif derives from Latin vindicativus, from vindicare meaning to defend, avenge, or claim one’s rights. In French, the word retains a strong moral evaluation, often implying grudging persistence or a desire for retribution beyond what is proportionate.

Grammar and forms: the masculine singular is vindicatif; the feminine singular is vindicative; the masculine plural is vindicatifs; the feminine plural is vindicatives. It is closely related to synonyms such as vengeful and rancorous, and its use can carry a negative or critical tone depending on context. The noun form related to the concept is vindication, which has a different sense related to justification or defense.

Usage notes: vindicatif is primarily a French term. In English, the closest equivalents are vindictive or revenge-seeking; historically, the English term vindicative exists but is rare and often considered archaic. In French, the word is common in literary, psychological, and critical writing when describing motives or behaviors that prioritize retaliation.

Example: « Son comportement vindicatif le pousse à répéter les offenses jusqu’à obtenir satisfaction. »