viljelmä

Viljelmä is a Finnish term that refers to a cultivated plot of land used for growing crops. The word derives from vilja, meaning grain, and viljellä, to cultivate, and it is used in agricultural and land-use contexts to describe the portion of a farm that is actively farmed. A viljelmä can include arable fields for cereals, potatoes, vegetables, sugar beets, or other crops, as well as blocks within a farm used for horticultural production. It is not defined by a single crop; rather, it denotes the land area under cultivation.

In practice, viljelmä is managed through practices such as crop rotation, soil fertilization, irrigation, and other approaches aimed at maintaining soil fertility and achieving yield goals. The size and boundaries of a viljelmä may be linked to cadastral parcels or farm organizational units, and the land can be owned by a landowner or leased to tenant farmers. The concept is commonly used in farm management, land registers, and agricultural statistics to distinguish cultivated land from fallow or non-cultivated land.

Historically, viljelmä described the cultivated portion of a farm in contrast to grazing or waste land. In modern contexts, the term remains part of rural vocabulary, though more specific classifications are often used in statistics and planning to reflect crop type, ownership, and land use. See also related terms such as viljely (cultivation), pelto (field), and maanmittaus (land surveying).