vernierskálát

A vernier scale is a secondary sliding scale that allows for more precise readings of a main scale. It is commonly found on measuring instruments like calipers, micrometers, and protractors. The vernier scale is designed with divisions that are slightly different in length or number compared to the main scale. This difference in graduation allows for interpolation between the smallest divisions of the main scale.

To use a vernier scale, one first reads the whole number or fractional value on the main scale that is immediately to the left of the zero mark on the vernier scale. Then, one looks along the vernier scale to find the single mark that perfectly aligns with any mark on the main scale. The number corresponding to this aligned mark on the vernier scale, when multiplied by the vernier scale's least count, gives the additional fractional value to be added to the main scale reading. The least count is the smallest difference that can be measured, typically determined by the difference between a main scale division and a vernier scale division, or by dividing the smallest main scale division by the number of divisions on the vernier scale. This method of interpolation significantly improves the accuracy of measurements beyond what the main scale alone could provide.