veriryhmämerkintä

Veriryhmämerkintä refers to the notation used to indicate an individual's blood type. In most parts of the world, this system is based on the ABO blood group system and the Rh factor. The ABO system categorizes blood into four main types: A, B, AB, and O, based on the presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells. The Rh factor, often denoted as positive (+) or negative (-), indicates the presence or absence of the RhD antigen.

When a blood type is written, it combines the ABO group with the Rh factor. For instance, A+ signifies blood type A with the RhD antigen present, while O- means blood type O with the RhD antigen absent. This notation is crucial for safe blood transfusions, as incompatible blood types can lead to severe, life-threatening reactions.

In addition to the standard ABO and Rh systems, other blood group systems exist, such as the Kell, Duffy, and Kidd systems, which contain numerous other antigens. However, for routine transfusions and general identification, the ABO and Rh notation is the most commonly used and understood. Accurate veriryhmämerkintä ensures that individuals receive blood that is compatible with their own, preventing alloimmunization and transfusion reactions. This information is typically recorded in a person's medical records and may also be carried on identification cards.