venózním

Venózním is the instrumental singular form of the Czech adjective venózní, meaning venous or relating to veins. The term is used in anatomy and medicine to describe structures, fluids, or processes associated with the venous part of the circulatory system. Common usages include venózní krev (venous blood), venózní návrat krve (venous return of blood), and venózní systém. The antonym is arteriální or, in everyday contexts, žilní, though venózní is widely used in medical literature to emphasize the venous aspect.

The form venózním appears in phrases that require the instrumental case, for example venózním návratem krve or probíhá venózním oběhem, depending on the sentence. The word is of Latin origin: venosus meaning “full of veins” or “veined,” transferred into Czech as venózní. In modern Czech, venózní is mainly encountered in formal, clinical writing; in everyday speech, the more general term žilní is common for many references to veins.

Note that venózním should not be confused with intravenózní, which means “intravenous”—administered into or occurring inside a vein via puncture, infusion, or injection. Venózní therefore describes the veins themselves or venous aspects, while intravenózní describes the route or method involving a vein.