vasculitisHenochSchönlein

Vasculitis is a general term for inflammation of blood vessel walls. This inflammation can reduce blood flow through the vessels, leading to organ and tissue damage. The cause of vasculitis is often unknown, but it can be triggered by infections, autoimmune diseases like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, certain medications, or sometimes cancer.

The symptoms of vasculitis vary widely depending on which blood vessels and organs are affected. They can include fever, fatigue, weight loss, skin rashes, joint pain, and numbness or weakness in the extremities. More serious symptoms can involve the kidneys, lungs, brain, or eyes, leading to organ dysfunction or failure.

Diagnosis of vasculitis typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests such as blood counts, inflammatory markers (like ESR and CRP), and specific antibody tests. Imaging studies like ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI may be used to visualize affected blood vessels. A biopsy of an affected blood vessel or tissue is often necessary for a definitive diagnosis.

Treatment for vasculitis aims to reduce inflammation, prevent further organ damage, and manage symptoms. Corticosteroids are commonly used to suppress the immune system and decrease inflammation. Other immunosuppressive drugs may be prescribed for more severe or persistent cases. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to improving outcomes and preventing long-term complications.