variabilitat
Variabilitat is the degree to which data points, measurements, or traits differ among individuals or across time. It is a central feature of any dataset and of natural systems, influencing the predictability of outcomes and the precision of estimates.
Variabilitat can arise from biological differences, environmental heterogeneity, measurement error, and sampling. Some variability is inherent
Common measures include range, variance, standard deviation, interquartile range and the coefficient of variation. Statistical models
In practice, understanding variability informs study design, sample size, and the reliability of conclusions. In manufacturing
Examples span domains: in biology, genetic variation among individuals; in meteorology, year-to-year rainfall variability; in manufacturing,