varauslaitos

Varauslaitos refers to a type of electrical heating system commonly found in older buildings, particularly in Finland. It is characterized by a heating element that heats up a mass of material, typically stone or concrete, during off-peak electricity hours. This stored heat is then gradually released into the living space when needed. The system is designed to take advantage of lower electricity prices available during the night or other periods of low demand.

The core components of a varauslaitos include an electric heating element, a storage mass, and a control system. The heating element, often a resistive coil, is embedded within or surrounds the storage mass. The storage mass acts as a thermal battery, absorbing and retaining heat. The control system, usually a timer or thermostat, dictates when the heating element is activated to charge the storage mass and when the stored heat is released. Ventilation and fan systems are often incorporated to distribute the released heat effectively throughout the building.

Varauslaitos systems were popular due to their ability to reduce heating costs by utilizing cheaper electricity. However, they have several drawbacks. Their effectiveness is dependent on accurate prediction of heating needs and proper insulation of the building. Inefficient insulation can lead to rapid heat loss, diminishing the benefits of stored heat. Furthermore, the charging process can be noisy, and the systems may not provide consistent or easily controllable temperatures, especially during prolonged cold spells. Modern heating solutions, such as district heating, geothermal systems, and more efficient electric heating technologies, have largely superseded the varauslaitos in newer constructions.