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Valtiontalous, or state finance, refers to the financial activities and policies of a government. It encompasses the revenue generation, expenditure, and management of public funds. The primary sources of revenue for state finance include taxes, such as income tax, value-added tax (VAT), and property tax, as well as non-tax revenues like fees and fines. The expenditure includes public services such as healthcare, education, infrastructure, and social welfare programs.

State finance is governed by fiscal policy, which aims to stabilize the economy and promote economic growth. This involves managing government spending and taxation to maintain a balanced budget, control inflation, and manage public debt. Fiscal policy tools include adjusting tax rates, changing government spending, and issuing government bonds.

The efficiency and transparency of state finance are crucial for maintaining public trust and ensuring the effective delivery of public services. This is often monitored by independent fiscal authorities and audited by external agencies to ensure accountability and prevent corruption.

Valtiontalous is influenced by various economic factors, including economic growth, inflation, and interest rates. It also interacts with other economic policies, such as monetary policy and trade policy, to achieve overall economic stability and growth.