välispõlemise

Välispõlemine, also known as ectopic pregnancy, is a condition where a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus. The most common site for implantation is the fallopian tube, but it can also occur in the ovary, cervix, or abdominal cavity. This occurs when the fertilized egg is unable to reach the uterus, often due to damage or blockage in the fallopian tube.

Symptoms of ectopic pregnancy typically appear between 4 and 12 weeks of gestation. Early signs can be similar to a normal pregnancy, such as missed periods and breast tenderness. However, as the pregnancy progresses, more specific symptoms emerge. These include sharp, localized pain in the abdomen or pelvis, vaginal bleeding that may be light or heavy, and shoulder pain, which can indicate internal bleeding. In severe cases, a ruptured ectopic pregnancy can lead to dizziness, fainting, and extreme pain, requiring immediate medical attention.

The diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy usually involves a physical examination, a pregnancy test, and imaging techniques such as a transvaginal ultrasound. Blood tests to measure human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels may also be performed. Treatment depends on the stage of the pregnancy and the patient's condition. Options include medication to stop the growth of the pregnancy, such as methotrexate, or surgical intervention, often a laparoscopic procedure to remove the ectopic tissue. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent life-threatening complications.