utáhnout

utáhnout is a Czech verb with several related meanings, all revolving around the concept of tightening or becoming tighter. Its most literal meaning is to physically tighten something, such as a screw, a bolt, or a rope. For example, "utáhnout šroub" means to tighten a screw. This can also extend to tightening clothing, like a belt or shoelaces, to make them fit more snugly.

Beyond the physical sense, utáhnout can also be used metaphorically. It can describe making something more restrictive or stringent. For instance, one might "utáhnout pravidla" meaning to tighten the rules or make them stricter. This can apply to regulations, policies, or even social expectations.

Another common metaphorical usage relates to financial or economic situations. "Utáhnout opasek" translates to "tighten one's belt," signifying a need to spend less money and live more frugally due to financial hardship. This phrase captures the idea of making do with less.

In a more general sense, utáhnout can imply a reduction in options or flexibility. If a situation "utáhne se," it means it has become more difficult or constrained, leaving less room for maneuver. The past tense of the verb is utáhl (masculine), utáhla (feminine), or utáhlo (neuter), and the past participle is utažen (masculine), utažena (feminine), or utaženo (neuter). The infinitive form is utáhnout.