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Uranium is a chemical element with the symbol U and atomic number 92. It is a hard, naturally occurring, radioactive, silvery-white metal belonging to the actinide series. Uranium is more than twice as dense as lead, making it a very dense metal. In its pure form, it is weakly radioactive. Uranium is found in small amounts in soil, rock, and water. It is also present in minerals like uraninite and carnotite.

The most common isotopes of uranium are uranium-238 and uranium-235. Uranium-238 is the most abundant isotope, making up about 99.3% of natural uranium. Uranium-235 is less abundant but is fissile, meaning it can sustain a nuclear chain reaction. This property makes uranium-235 crucial for nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons.

Uranium has been used for various purposes throughout history. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it was used to color glass and ceramics, producing yellow and green hues. Its radioactive properties were later discovered, leading to its use in medical imaging and treatment. Today, the primary application of uranium is as fuel in nuclear reactors to produce electricity. It is also used in some specialized applications, such as counterweights and radiation shielding.

The mining and processing of uranium can have environmental impacts, including habitat disruption and potential contamination. The safe storage and disposal of radioactive waste generated from nuclear processes are significant considerations in its use. International regulations and safety protocols govern the handling and transport of uranium and its byproducts.