umgebenen

Umgebenen is the inflected attributive form of the German adjective derived from the verb umgeben, meaning surrounded or encircled. As an attributive adjective, umgebenen describes a noun that is surrounded by other elements and agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun, when a definite determiner (such as der, die, das, die) is present.

Declension and usage

With a definite article or other determiner, the adjective ending -en appears in several gender–case combinations. Examples include:

- Den umgebenen Mann (accusative masculine singular)

- Dem umgebenen Mann (dative masculine singular)

- Der umgebenen Stadt (dative feminine singular)

- Der umgebenen Frau (dative feminine singular)

- Die umgebenen Häuser (nominative plural)

- Den umgebenen Häusern (dative plural)

- Der umgebenen Häuser (genitive plural)

In other cases the endings differ, such as die umgebene Stadt (nominative feminine singular) or die umgebene Stadt (accusative feminine singular). Without a definite determiner, strong or mixed declension forms are used, giving different endings (for example umgebene Stadt, umgebene Häuser).

Meaning and usage notes

Umgebenen conveys that something is surrounded by other elements, often in spatial, figurative, or structural contexts. It can describe physical enclosing, surrounding conditions, or adjacent features, e.g., eine von Mauern umgebene Stadt (a city surrounded by walls). The word functions as a standard German adjective and is not a separate lexical item beyond its participle-derived form.

See also

Umgeben (verb) related forms; German adjective declension rules; surrounding and enclosure terminology.