umbeller

An umbel is a flower cluster arranged in a specific way. It is characterized by an arrangement where multiple flower stalks, called pedicels, arise from a single point at the end of the main stem. These pedicels are typically of equal length, creating a flat-topped or rounded cluster of flowers that resembles an umbrella. The term "umbel" comes from the Latin word for umbrella.

There are two main types of umbels: simple and compound. A simple umbel has pedicels that arise directly from the stem, each bearing a single flower. A compound umbel, on the other hand, is more complex. In a compound umbel, the main stem branches into smaller stalks called rays, and each ray then bears a cluster of flowers. These smaller clusters are called umbellules, and together they form the larger compound umbel.

Umbels are a common inflorescence type found in many plant families, most notably in the Apiaceae family, which includes plants like carrots, parsley, dill, and fennel. The distinctive structure of the umbel is thought to be an adaptation that presents a large, attractive display of flowers to pollinators. The flat or rounded shape can also provide a stable landing platform for insects. The arrangement is efficient in maximizing the chances of pollination for a large number of flowers within a compact space.