ultralight

Ultralight aircraft are lightweight, simple airplanes designed for recreational flight and low operating costs. In the United States, the category is defined by FAA Part 103 as a single-occupant vehicle with an empty weight of up to 254 pounds, a fuel capacity of 5 gallons or less, a top speed of 55 knots, and a stall speed not exceeding 24 knots. Other countries use similar concepts under microlight or very light aircraft categories with varying limits.

Most ultralights are fixed-wing aircraft, weight‑shift trikes, or powered paragliders. They share minimal instrumentation, simple airframes, and small engines (often two- or four-stroke) or electric propulsion. Construction frequently uses fabric coverings, aluminum tubing, or light composites.

The concept traces to hang-gliding and Rogallo wing research in the mid-20th century; the modern US category arose in the 1980s with Part 103, helping popularize affordable, hobbyist flying. Worldwide, ultralight or microlight terms cover varied designs under different regulatory regimes.

Ultralights offer introductory flight and recreational use but require attention to weather, airspace, and training. Their limited payload and endurance, and the lack of commercial air service use, mean they are positioned as hobbyist aircraft; compliance with local rules and ongoing maintenance remain essential.

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