ujú

ují is a grammatical suffix used in Czech and Slovak to mark the third-person plural present tense for many verbs, especially those derived from the -ovat verb class. It is one of several present-tense endings in these languages and functions as a suffix that attaches to a verb stem.

In Czech, the ending -ují is common for the present tense of many -ovat verbs and related stems. Examples include navrhují (they propose) and cvičují (they exercise). The ending typically follows a stem that is derived from a root associated with activity or action, with phonological adjustments as needed for different stems. Not all verbs take -ují, and some use different endings depending on verb class and phonology.

In Slovak, the cognate ending is -ujú, which serves a similar function for third-person plural present forms. Examples include navrhujú (they propose), študujú (they study), and využívajú (they utilize). The Slovak pattern mirrors the Czech -ují in many verb groups, though orthography and stress patterns differ between the languages.

Etymology and scope: The -ují ending stems from Proto-Slavic verbal paradigms and has parallels in other Slavic languages, where analogous endings mark 3rd-person plural present forms. The exact realization (with or without diacritics) varies by language and orthography, but the basic function remains to signal plurality in the present tense for a broad set of imperfective, habitual, or ongoing actions.

Overall, -ují and its Slovak counterpart -ujú are productive markers in Czech and Slovak that illustrate shared Slavic verb morphology and the close relationship between the two languages.