udowodnione

Udowodnione is a Polish past participle of the verb udowodnić, meaning to prove or to demonstrate. In contemporary use it functions as an adjective or passive participle, indicating that something has been proven or substantiated by evidence or argument. It is commonly applied to facts, findings, claims, or hypotheses and appears in scientific, legal, journalistic, and everyday language.

Grammatical notes and usage patterns: as a past passive participle, udowodnione agrees with the noun in gender and number. It is frequently found in phrases such as udowodnione fakty (proved facts), udowodnione dowody (proved evidence), and udowodnione wyniki (proved results). In predicative constructions you may encounter sentences like Dowody są udowodnione (The evidence has been proven).

Etymology and related forms: the word is derived from the verb udowodnić (to prove) with the participle suffix. Related forms include udowodniony (masc. sg.), udowodniona (fem. sg.), and udowodnione (neut. sg. or plural), as well as other derivatives such as udowodnienie (the act or process of proving).

Context and nuance: udowodnione implies that sufficient evidence or argument exists to support a statement, claim, or result. It is contrasted with terms like rzekome (alleged) or nieudowodnione (unproven). In formal writing, using udowodnione signals a conclusion that has been substantiated by data, experiments, or documented proof.