tööravitust

Tööravitust, also known as work hardening or strain hardening, is a metallurgical phenomenon where the yield strength of a metal increases after plastic deformation. This process occurs due to the movement of dislocations within the metal's crystal structure. As the metal is deformed, dislocations become entangled and pinned, making it more difficult for further deformation to occur. This increased resistance to plastic deformation results in a higher yield strength.

Tööravitust is commonly observed in metals subjected to cold working processes, such as rolling, drawing, or forging. These processes involve the application of external forces to shape the metal without significantly changing its temperature. The resulting increase in yield strength can enhance the metal's strength and hardness, making it more resistant to deformation and wear.

However, tööravitust also has its limitations. Excessive work hardening can lead to a decrease in ductility, making the metal more brittle and prone to fracture. To mitigate this, metals are often annealed, a process that involves heating the metal to a specific temperature and then allowing it to cool slowly. Annealing helps to relieve internal stresses, reduce hardness, and restore ductility.

In summary, tööravitust is a valuable metallurgical process that enhances the strength and hardness of metals through plastic deformation. However, it must be carefully managed to avoid compromising the metal's ductility and overall performance.