tulemüürile

Tulemüürile, also known as the "firefly" in some contexts, refers to a traditional Estonian folk custom involving the lighting of small fires or torches on the evening of the summer solstice, typically June 23rd or 24th. The practice is deeply rooted in Estonian pagan traditions and is associated with the celebration of the longest day of the year, marking the beginning of the summer season.

The word *tulemüürile* combines "tule" (fire) and "müürile" (a small torch or bundle of flax), emphasizing the central role of fire in the ritual. Historically, Estonians would gather in groups to light fires in fields, forests, or near homes. These fires were believed to have protective and purifying properties, warding off evil spirits and ensuring good harvests. The smoke and light were thought to guide the souls of ancestors and bless the land.

In modern times, *tulemüürile* has evolved into a cultural festival celebrated across Estonia. Communities organize public gatherings where participants light torches, sing folk songs, and share stories. The event often includes bonfires, traditional dances, and music, blending ancient customs with contemporary celebrations. While the religious significance has diminished for many, the festival remains a symbol of national identity and a way to honor Estonia’s heritage.

The custom reflects broader Baltic and Slavic traditions of solstice fire festivals, such as the Lithuanian *Rasos* or the Latvian *Jāņi*. Today, *tulemüürile* is recognized as an important part of Estonia’s intangible cultural heritage, fostering community spirit and preserving folk traditions.