troupes

A troupe is a group of performers who work together to present performances in theatre, dance, circus, or other performing arts. The term derives from the French troupe meaning “troop” or “company.”

Troupes vary in size and structure, but typically include performers along with directors, choreographers, designers, and stage managers who share a common repertoire and rehearsal schedule. They may be permanent organizations or loosely affiliated collectives; membership can be fixed or rotate with each production. Some ensembles maintain a core company while inviting guest artists for specific projects.

Historically, traveling troupes in Europe and Asia toured towns and courts, carrying plays, dances, or acts from one venue to another. In contemporary contexts, troupes may be resident at a theatre, operate as independent touring units, or form collaborations with festivals, schools, or cultural institutions. The practice supports the development of new work, regional access to performances, and opportunities for artists to specialize or experiment across disciplines.

Common types include theatre troupes, dance troupes, improvisational troupes, and circus troupes. Some ensembles specialize in new and contemporary work, others in classical or traditional repertory, and many combine multiple disciplines. The term is often used interchangeably with company or ensemble, though connotations can vary by region and context.