trombocitákat

Trombociták, commonly known as platelets, are small, irregular-shaped blood cells that play a crucial role in hemostasis, the process of stopping bleeding. They are not true cells but rather fragments of larger cells called megakaryocytes found in the bone marrow. Their primary function is to form a plug at the site of injury to a blood vessel, preventing excessive blood loss.

When a blood vessel is damaged, trombociták circulating in the bloodstream adhere to the exposed collagen fibers. This adhesion triggers a cascade of events, including the release of various chemical substances stored within their granules. These substances attract more trombociták to the site and promote their aggregation, forming a temporary plug. Trombociták also release factors that initiate the coagulation cascade, leading to the formation of a stable fibrin clot that reinforces the platelet plug.

The normal count of trombociták in the blood ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 per microliter. A deficiency in trombociták, known as thrombocytopenia, can lead to increased bleeding tendencies, while an excessive number, or thrombocytosis, can increase the risk of blood clots. Production of trombociták is regulated by the hormone thrombopoietin.