trombocites

Trombocites, also known as platelets, are small, irregular-shaped cell fragments found in the blood of mammals. They are crucial components of the hemostasis system, playing a vital role in blood clotting. Trombocites are anucleated, meaning they lack a nucleus, and are derived from megakaryocytes, large cells found in the bone marrow.

The primary function of trombocites is to stop bleeding. When a blood vessel is injured, trombocites are activated and adhere to the site of damage. They then aggregate, forming a plug that seals the wound. This process involves several steps, including adhesion, activation, and aggregation, mediated by various proteins and receptors on the trombocite surface. Trombocites also release a variety of factors that promote vasoconstriction, aid in wound healing, and contribute to inflammation.

The normal range for trombocite count in humans is typically between 150,000 and 450,000 per microliter of blood. A low trombocite count, known as thrombocytopenia, can lead to excessive bleeding, while a high count, or thrombocytosis, can increase the risk of blood clots. Trombocite function can also be impaired by certain medications and diseases, affecting their ability to clot properly. Their study is essential for understanding and treating bleeding disorders and thrombotic conditions.