transplantare

Transplantare is the act of moving living tissue or organs from one individual to another, or relocating a plant or plant part within a growing environment. In medicine, transplantation is used to treat organ failure or damaged tissues by replacing them with healthy equivalents from a donor. The most commonly transplanted organs are the kidney, liver, heart, and lungs; other organs may include the pancreas and intestine. Tissues such as cornea, skin, bone, tendons, and cartilage can be transplanted as well, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is used for certain blood disorders and cancers. In horticulture, transplantation refers to moving plants or plant parts, such as seedlings, cuttings, or grafts, to new locations or onto rootstocks.

Successful medical transplantation depends on matching donor and recipient characteristics, including blood type and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) compatibility, and on meticulous surgical technique. Organ procurement from deceased donors or living donors enables transplantation, and ethical and legal frameworks govern consent and allocation. Donor safety and recipient welfare are central concerns; recipients require lifelong immunosuppressive therapy to reduce rejection risk, along with regular follow-up to detect complications.

Outcomes vary by organ and individual factors, but transplantation can restore function and extend life in many cases. Risks include rejection, infection due to immunosuppression, drug side effects, and potential complications from the surgery. In plants, transplantation aims to ensure root establishment and growth after moving seedlings or after grafting, with practices designed to minimize transplant shock.