transformadores

Transformadores are electrical devices that transfer electrical energy between circuits through electromagnetic induction. They are commonly used to increase (step-up) or decrease (step-down) voltage levels in power systems. The primary function of a transformer is to isolate the electrical circuits and provide voltage transformation.

A transformer consists of two or more coils wound around a common core. The core is typically made of laminated silicon steel to minimize energy losses due to hysteresis and eddy currents. The coils are known as the primary and secondary windings. When an alternating current (AC) is applied to the primary winding, it creates a magnetic field in the core. This magnetic field induces a voltage in the secondary winding, which can be higher or lower than the primary voltage, depending on the turns ratio of the windings.

Transformers are classified based on their construction and application. Core-type transformers have a single core with windings around it, while shell-type transformers have a core formed by stacking laminations around the windings. Autotransformers have a single winding that serves as both the primary and secondary, reducing the number of turns and losses.

Transformers are essential components in power transmission and distribution systems, as well as in various electronic devices. They enable the efficient transmission of electrical energy over long distances and the operation of electronic equipment at the required voltage levels.