transduktionsvägar
Transduktionsvägar, also known as signal transduction pathways, are complex sequences of biochemical events that enable a cell to respond to external stimuli. The process typically begins when a signaling molecule, such as a hormone, neurotransmitter or growth factor, binds to a specific receptor on the cell surface or within the cell. This binding causes conformational changes in the receptor that activate intracellular proteins or second messengers. Common second messengers include cyclic AMP, calcium ions, and inositol phosphates, which propagate the signal deeper into the cell by altering enzyme activity or gene expression.
The activated intracellular signals converge on specific cellular targets, often transcription factors or enzymes, leading to
Transduktionsvägar are crucial for normal development and homeostasis as well as for disease states. Abnormal signaling