titrování

Titrování is a common laboratory method used to determine the concentration of a substance, known as the analyte, by reacting it with a solution of precisely known concentration, called the titrant. This process involves the gradual addition of the titrant to the analyte until the reaction between them is complete. The point at which the reaction is deemed complete is called the equivalence point.

To visually detect the equivalence point, an indicator is often used. An indicator is a substance that changes color at or very near the equivalence point. The volume of titrant added to reach this color change is then measured. Knowing the concentration of the titrant and the volume added, along with the stoichiometry of the reaction, allows for the calculation of the analyte's concentration.

Titrování is a versatile technique applicable in various fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science. Common types of titrations include acid-base titrations, redox titrations, precipitation titrations, and complexometric titrations, each relying on different types of chemical reactions. Accurate execution of titrování requires precise measurements of volumes and careful observation of the indicator's color change. The method is fundamental for quantitative analysis in many scientific disciplines.