titaniitý

Titaniity is a naturally occurring mineral composed primarily of titanium dioxide, with the chemical formula TiO2. It is one of the most common and important titanium-bearing minerals found on Earth. Titaniity typically occurs as small, hard, and opaque crystals, often exhibiting a reddish-brown to black color. Its crystal system is tetragonal, and it is known for its high refractive index and adamantine to submetallic luster.

Geologically, titaniity is found in a variety of rock types, including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. It is particularly abundant in magmatic rocks like granite and syenite, and is also a significant component of placer deposits, which are formed by the weathering and erosion of these rocks. These placer deposits, often found in coastal areas and riverbeds, are the primary source for the commercial extraction of titanium.

The industrial importance of titaniity lies in its role as the principal ore for titanium metal and titanium dioxide pigment. Titanium dioxide is widely used as a white pigment in paints, plastics, paper, and cosmetics due to its excellent opacity and brightness. Titanium metal, valued for its high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility, finds applications in aerospace, medical implants, and sporting goods. The processing of titaniity involves concentrating the ore and then extracting titanium dioxide or converting it to titanium tetrachloride for further refinement.