tiroidë

Tiroidë is the Albanian word for thyroid gland. The thyroid is an endocrine gland found in the neck, below the Adam's apple. It is part of the endocrine system, responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism. The thyroid gland has a butterfly shape and consists of two lobes connected by a thin strip of tissue called the isthmus.

The primary hormones produced by the thyroid are thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones play a crucial role in regulating a wide range of bodily functions, including heart rate, body temperature, digestion, and brain development. The production of thyroid hormones is controlled by the pituitary gland, located in the brain, through a hormone called thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).

Disorders of the thyroid gland are common and can affect its function in various ways. Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones, leading to a slowed metabolism. Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, results from the overproduction of thyroid hormones, accelerating metabolism. Other common conditions include goiter, which is an enlargement of the thyroid gland, and thyroid nodules, which are lumps that can form within the gland. Diagnosis often involves blood tests to measure hormone levels, as well as imaging techniques like ultrasound. Treatment depends on the specific condition and may involve medication, radioactive iodine therapy, or surgery.