tilavuusmäärityksellä

Tilavuusmääritys, often translated as volumetric analysis or titration, is a common analytical chemistry technique used to determine the unknown concentration of a solution, known as the analyte, by reacting it with a solution of known concentration, known as the titrant. The process involves the gradual addition of the titrant to the analyte until the reaction between them is complete, which is typically indicated by a change in a physical property, such as color or pH.

The key to tilavuusmääritys is the precise measurement of the volumes of both the titrant and the analyte. This is usually done using specialized glassware like burettes and pipettes, which are designed for high accuracy. The reaction between the analyte and titrant must be rapid, complete, and have a well-defined endpoint. Indicators are often used to signal the endpoint, changing color when the stoichiometric equivalence point of the reaction is reached or slightly passed.

There are several types of titrations, including acid-base titrations, redox titrations, precipitation titrations, and complexometric titrations, each relying on a different type of chemical reaction. For example, in an acid-base titration, an acid is titrated with a base, or vice versa, with an indicator like phenolphthalein or bromothymol blue used to detect the neutral pH at the endpoint. Tilavuusmääritys is a fundamental technique in quantitative analysis, widely used in various fields, including pharmaceuticals, environmental monitoring, and food quality control, due to its accuracy and relatively low cost.