thalamogeniculatearteriat

The thalamogeniculate artery is a small penetrating branch of the posterior cerebral artery that supplies portions of the thalamus and the lateral geniculate body. It is part of the network of perforating arteries that serve deep brain structures and is typically one of several branches arising from the posterior cerebral artery.

Origin and course

Thalamogeniculate arteries most often originate from the posterior cerebral artery, commonly from its P1 or P2 segments in the ambient cistern. After arising, these vessels course medially to laterally into the thalamus, distributing branches to targeted nuclei. There can be more than one thalamogeniculate artery on a given side, and they may form anastomotic connections with adjacent arteries, including the posterior choroidal arteries.

Distribution

The arteries supply the dorsal thalamus, including the lateral geniculate nucleus and surrounding nuclei, and may extend to the pulvinar and adjacent thalamic regions. Through connections with posterior choroidal arteries and other perforators, they contribute to the perfusion of deep thalamic structures involved in sensory processing and visual pathways.

Clinical significance

Occlusion or embolic blockage of the thalamogeniculate arteries can produce a thalamic infarct. Classic manifestations include contralateral sensory loss (pure sensory stroke) and, depending on the nuclei affected, thalamic pain syndrome. If the lateral geniculate body is involved, contralateral visual field defects (such as homonymous hemianopia) may occur. Lesions in associated thalamic nuclei can also affect cognition, attention, or arousal to varying degrees.

See also

Thalamoperforating arteries, posterior cerebral artery, lateral geniculate body, thalamic infarction.