tetrahüdrofüraan

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH2)4O. It is a colorless, water-miscible liquid with a low viscosity and a faint ethereal odor. THF is a five-membered heterocyclic ether. It is often abbreviated as THF.

THF is a polar aprotic solvent. It is widely used as a solvent for polymers and as a reaction medium in organic synthesis. Its ability to dissolve a wide range of nonpolar and polar compounds makes it a versatile solvent. It is commonly used in the preparation of Grignard reagents, in hydroboration reactions, and as a solvent for various polymerizations, such as the polymerization of tetrahydrofuran itself to produce polytetrahydrofuran (poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol or PTMEG).

Industrially, THF is produced by the dehydration of 1,4-butanediol. Another method involves the acid-catalyzed cyclization of butane-1,4-diol. It can also be produced from furan by catalytic hydrogenation.

THF is flammable and its vapors can form explosive mixtures with air. It is also hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the atmosphere. Over time, THF can form peroxides when exposed to air and light, which can be hazardous. Therefore, it is often stored with inhibitors to prevent peroxide formation and should be tested for peroxides before distillation or evaporation.

THF has applications in the production of coatings, adhesives, and pharmaceuticals. Its solvent properties are particularly valuable in the manufacturing of PVC and in textile finishing.