tetrabutyloamoniowy

Tetrabutylammonium is a quaternary ammonium cation with the chemical formula [(C4H9)4N]+. It is a common counterion in organic synthesis and electrochemistry. The corresponding anion is typically a halide such as chloride, bromide, or iodide, or other anions like tetrafluoroborate or hexafluorophosphate. Tetrabutylammonium salts are often used as phase transfer catalysts, facilitating reactions between reactants in immiscible phases. Their lipophilic nature allows them to solubilize ionic species in organic solvents, thereby increasing reaction rates. In electrochemistry, tetrabutylammonium salts serve as supporting electrolytes due to their good solubility in organic solvents and their wide electrochemical window, meaning they do not readily oxidize or reduce within the typical potential ranges used in electrochemical experiments. Tetrabutylammonium salts are generally stable and can be prepared by alkylation of tributylamine with butyl halides. Common examples include tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) and tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI), which are widely commercially available. These compounds find applications in various organic transformations, including nucleophilic substitutions, oxidations, and reductions.